1
Stage 1 of 4
'awariyah
Arabic · medieval
"damaged merchandise"
referring to damaged goods in maritime trade
2
Stage 2 of 4
avaria
Italian · medieval
"damage, and the shared cost of it"
adopted for the cost of damage shared among merchants
3
Stage 3 of 4
avarie
French · medieval
"damage to cargo, shared loss"
kept the maritime insurance meaning
4
Stage 4 of 4
average
English · 1500s-1600s
"a typical or mean value"
generalized from shared loss to a mathematical mean
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